其他
英国法律与司法机构（四）
I. Criminal Proceedings 刑事诉讼程序II. Criminal Courts 刑事法庭III. Civil Courts 民事法庭IV. The Judiciary 司法机构V. Police 警察VI. Treatment of offenders 对违法者的处理
There is no ministry of justice in theUnited Kingdom.英国没有司法机构。
Central responsibility lies with the Lord Chancellor（大法官） the Home Secretary（内政大臣） and the Attorney General（检察总长）.
中央政府的司法工作主要由大法官、内政大臣和检察总长负责。
In England and Wales, lay magistrates are appointed on behalf of the Crown by the Lord Chancellor who is advised by committees in each county. The Lord Chancellor recommends the High Court and circuit judges. The highest judicial appointments and made by the Queen on the advice of the Prime Minister.
在英格兰和威尔士，大法官根据各部委员会的建议任命外行人员为治安官。大法官推荐高等法官和巡回法官。最高级别的司法官任命由女王根据首相的建议做出。
The police service for United Kingdom is organized and controlled on a local basis under the Home Secretary and the Scottish and Northern Ireland Secretaries.
在内政大臣和苏格兰及北爱尔兰国务大臣的指导下，英国警察分地组建，并以地方管理为基础。
London's Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of Home Secretary. Police officers are not allowed to join a trade union（工会） or go on strike（罢工）.
但伦敦警察署直接与内政大臣管辖。警察不得加入工会或罢工。
They do not normally carry fire arms.他们通常不佩带手枪。
The chief aims of the penal system are to deter the potential lawbreaker and to reform the convicted offender.
刑罚制度的主要目的是阻止潜在的违法者，并改造已判的违法者。
Capital punishment（死刑） for murder has been abolished in the U.K, through proposal for its reinstatement（复原， 恢复） are regularly debated by Parliament, and it remains the penalty for treason and piracy.
英国已废除对谋杀罪的死刑，但议会仍经常辩论要恢复死刑，判国罪和海盗罪仍可判死刑。
vcabulary
Lord Chancellor（大法官）
Home Secretary（内政大臣）
Attorney General（检察总长）
Capital punishment（死刑）
trade union（工会）
strike（罢工）
reinstatement（复原， 恢复）
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