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为何你无法回忆起你的婴儿时期?

2016-08-02 双语讯飞


导读:你是否也曾竭力回忆那段在父母怀中哇哇大哭的幸福岁月,但却总以失败告终。为何这段美好的襁褓时光终究未能“入档”?一起来看看科学家们的解释吧!
From the most dramatic moment in life – the day of your birth – to first steps, first words, first food, right up to nursery school, most of us can’t remember anything of our first few years. How come?从你一生当中最激动人心的时刻——你的出生日——开始,到初次走路,初次说话,初次吃东西,一直到上幼儿园,我们大多数人不记得生命长河中头几年的事情了。这是怎么回事呢?
This gaping hole in the record of our lives has been baffling(困扰) psychologists, neuroscientists and linguists for decades. It was a minor obsession of the father of psychotherapy, Sigmund Freud, who coined the phrase ‘infant amnesia(婴儿健忘症’ over 100 years ago.我们生命记录中的这一空白已经困扰心理学家、神经系统科学家和语言学家数十年了。心理疗法之父西格蒙德·弗洛伊德对此也颇有研究,他于100多年前创造了“婴儿健忘症“一词。
Part of the puzzle comes from the fact that babies are, in other ways, sponges for new information, forming 700 new neural connections every second and wielding(运用) language-learning skills to make the most accomplished polyglot(精通数国语言的人) green with envy. 
从另一方面来说,该困惑的部分原因在于婴儿能够不断吸收新的信息,每秒钟可形成700个新的神经连接,并通过语言习得技能引得精通数国语言的人投之以羡慕之情。
The latest research suggests they begin training their minds before they’ve even left the womb(子宫).最新的研究表明,他们甚至在母亲分娩之前便开始训练自己的大脑了。
This leads us to the theory that we can’t remember our first years simply because our brains hadn’t developed the necessary equipment这样我们便可得出结论,我们记不住头几年的事情仅仅是因为我们的大脑还未发育出必需的物质

The explanation emerges from the most famous man in the history of neuroscience, known simply as patient HM.

这一解释的出现得益于神经科学史上最有名人物,他被戏称为病人HM


Perhaps, when we’re very young, the hippocampus(海马) simply isn’t developed enough to build a rich memory of an event或许,当我们还很小的时候,海马尚未发育成熟,因此我们无法对一件事情形成丰富的记忆。

Baby rats, monkeys and humans all continue to add new neurons(神经元) to the hippocampus for the first few years of life and we all are unable to form lasting memories as infants – and it seems that the moment we stop creating new neurons, we’re suddenly able to form long-term memories幼鼠,幼猴和婴儿在生命开始的头几年都会持续向海马增加新的神经元,而与此同时,我们也都像婴儿一样无法形成长久的记忆——似乎当我们停止增加新的神经元时,我们便突然之间能够形成长久的记忆了
“For young babies and infants the hippocampus is very undeveloped,” says Fagen.Fagen表示:“对于婴幼儿而言,海马的发育还相当不成熟。”
Perhaps the biggest mystery is not why we can’t remember our childhood – but whether we can believe any of our memories at all.或许最大的谜团并非我们为何无法回忆起我们的童年,而是我们是否能够完全相信自己的记忆

本文为节选,来源:爱语吧双语新闻
重点词汇baffling ['bæflɪŋ]  adj.令人困惑的,难对付的,难解的v.使困难,使为难( baffle的现在分词 ) Amnesia [æmˈni:ʒə] n.健忘;<医>遗忘(症),记忆缺失;善忘;易忘症 wield [wi:ld] vt.行使;使用(武器、工具等);运用(权力),施加(影响);支配 polyglot [ˈpɒliglɒt]  adj.(人)通晓、使用多种语言的,(书等)用多种语言写的n.通晓多种语言的人 womb [wu:m] n.子宫;发源地,摇篮vt.容纳 hippocampus [ˌhɪpəˈkæmpəs]  n.海马回;<希神><罗神>马头鱼尾的怪兽;海马状突起;海马体(大脑中被认为是感情和记忆中心的部分)
neuron [ˈnjʊərɒn]  n.神经元;神经细胞
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